Understanding neuronavigation
Neuronavigation is also called image-guided surgery, computer-assisted surgery or stereotactic navigation. It uses scans to help the surgeon locate structures and track instruments during an operation.
The idea is similar to GPS: the system relates the instrument's position to a map of the patient's anatomy. Infrared cameras send tracking information to a computer, which displays the instruments over three-dimensional images on a monitor.
How neuronavigation works
- Before surgery, a CT or MRI scan is loaded into the system to create a three-dimensional model of the anatomy.
- At the start of surgery, the team uses mapping techniques and an infrared camera to match the scan to the patient.
- During the operation, the surgeon uses the computer display to check the location of instruments.
Use in brain surgery
Navigation helps the surgeon plan an approach and the path of instruments, aiming to limit disruption or retraction of surrounding tissue. It can help plan electrode and instrument placement in procedures such as deep brain stimulation, alongside other checks appropriate to the operation.
Neuronavigation does not confirm complete tumour removal or remove the risk of injury. The team assesses removal using the relevant surgical findings and imaging.
Use in spine surgery
The spinal cord and nerves are close to the operating area. Navigation helps the surgeon plan incisions and screw placement, locate bone and guide instruments into the vertebrae. It supports accuracy and minimally invasive approaches while the team works to protect nearby nerves.





